{
  "id": "message_history",
  "title": "LLM Message History",
  "url": "https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/ai/redisvl/0.11.0/user_guide/message_history/",
  "summary": "",
  "content": "\n\nLarge Language Models are inherently stateless and have no knowledge of previous interactions with a user, or even of previous parts of the current conversation. While this may not be noticeable when asking simple questions, it becomes a hindrance when engaging in long running conversations that rely on conversational context.\n\nThe solution to this problem is to append the previous conversation history to each subsequent call to the LLM.\n\nThis notebook will show how to use Redis to structure and store and retrieve this conversational message history.\n\n\n```python\nfrom redisvl.extensions.message_history import MessageHistory\n\nchat_history = MessageHistory(name='student tutor')\n```\n\nTo align with common LLM APIs, Redis stores messages with `role` and `content` fields.\nThe supported roles are \"system\", \"user\" and \"llm\".\n\nYou can store messages one at a time or all at once.\n\n\n```python\nchat_history.add_message({\"role\":\"system\", \"content\":\"You are a helpful geography tutor, giving simple and short answers to questions about European countries.\"})\nchat_history.add_messages([\n    {\"role\":\"user\", \"content\":\"What is the capital of France?\"},\n    {\"role\":\"llm\", \"content\":\"The capital is Paris.\"},\n    {\"role\":\"user\", \"content\":\"And what is the capital of Spain?\"},\n    {\"role\":\"llm\", \"content\":\"The capital is Madrid.\"},\n    {\"role\":\"user\", \"content\":\"What is the population of Great Britain?\"},\n    {\"role\":\"llm\", \"content\":\"As of 2023 the population of Great Britain is approximately 67 million people.\"},]\n    )\n```\n\nAt any point we can retrieve the recent history of the conversation. It will be ordered by entry time.\n\n\n```python\ncontext = chat_history.get_recent()\nfor message in context:\n    print(message)\n```\n\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'The capital is Paris.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'And what is the capital of Spain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'The capital is Madrid.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the population of Great Britain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'As of 2023 the population of Great Britain is approximately 67 million people.'}\n\n\nIn many LLM flows the conversation progresses in a series of prompt and response pairs. Message history offer a convenience function `store()` to add these simply.\n\n\n```python\nprompt = \"what is the size of England compared to Portugal?\"\nresponse = \"England is larger in land area than Portal by about 15000 square miles.\"\nchat_history.store(prompt, response)\n\ncontext = chat_history.get_recent(top_k=6)\nfor message in context:\n    print(message)\n```\n\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'And what is the capital of Spain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'The capital is Madrid.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the population of Great Britain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'As of 2023 the population of Great Britain is approximately 67 million people.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'what is the size of England compared to Portugal?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'England is larger in land area than Portal by about 15000 square miles.'}\n\n\n## Managing multiple users and conversations\n\nFor applications that need to handle multiple conversations concurrently, Redis supports tagging messages to keep conversations separated.\n\n\n```python\nchat_history.add_message({\"role\":\"system\", \"content\":\"You are a helpful algebra tutor, giving simple answers to math problems.\"}, session_tag='student two')\nchat_history.add_messages([\n    {\"role\":\"user\", \"content\":\"What is the value of x in the equation 2x + 3 = 7?\"},\n    {\"role\":\"llm\", \"content\":\"The value of x is 2.\"},\n    {\"role\":\"user\", \"content\":\"What is the value of y in the equation 3y - 5 = 7?\"},\n    {\"role\":\"llm\", \"content\":\"The value of y is 4.\"}],\n    session_tag='student two'\n    )\n\nfor math_message in chat_history.get_recent(session_tag='student two'):\n    print(math_message)\n```\n\n    {'role': 'system', 'content': 'You are a helpful algebra tutor, giving simple answers to math problems.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the value of x in the equation 2x + 3 = 7?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'The value of x is 2.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the value of y in the equation 3y - 5 = 7?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'The value of y is 4.'}\n\n\n## Semantic message history\nFor longer conversations our list of messages keeps growing. Since LLMs are stateless we have to continue to pass this conversation history on each subsequent call to ensure the LLM has the correct context.\n\nA typical flow looks like this:\n```\nwhile True:\n    prompt = input('enter your next question')\n    context = chat_history.get_recent()\n    response = LLM_api_call(prompt=prompt, context=context)\n    chat_history.store(prompt, response)\n```\n\nThis works, but as context keeps growing so too does our LLM token count, which increases latency and cost.\n\nConversation histories can be truncated, but that can lead to losing relevant information that appeared early on.\n\nA better solution is to pass only the relevant conversational context on each subsequent call.\n\nFor this, RedisVL has the `SemanticMessageHistory`, which uses vector similarity search to return only semantically relevant sections of the conversation.\n\n\n```python\nfrom redisvl.extensions.message_history import SemanticMessageHistory\nsemantic_history = SemanticMessageHistory(name='tutor')\n\nsemantic_history.add_messages(chat_history.get_recent(top_k=8))\n```\n\n    /Users/tyler.hutcherson/Documents/AppliedAI/redis-vl-python/.venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/tqdm/auto.py:21: TqdmWarning: IProgress not found. Please update jupyter and ipywidgets. See https://ipywidgets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user_install.html\n      from .autonotebook import tqdm as notebook_tqdm\n\n\n    13:03:39 sentence_transformers.SentenceTransformer INFO   Use pytorch device_name: mps\n    13:03:39 sentence_transformers.SentenceTransformer INFO   Load pretrained SentenceTransformer: sentence-transformers/all-mpnet-base-v2\n\n\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00,  6.59it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 10.33it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00,  9.91it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 12.52it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 57.92it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 60.45it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 13.38it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 13.65it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 62.33it/s]\n\n\n\n```python\nprompt = \"what have I learned about the size of England?\"\nsemantic_history.set_distance_threshold(0.35)\ncontext = semantic_history.get_relevant(prompt)\nfor message in context:\n    print(message)\n```\n\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 56.30it/s]\n\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'what is the size of England compared to Portugal?'}\n\n\n    \n\n\nYou can adjust the degree of semantic similarity needed to be included in your context.\n\nSetting a distance threshold close to 0.0 will require an exact semantic match, while a distance threshold of 1.0 will include everything.\n\n\n```python\nsemantic_history.set_distance_threshold(0.7)\n\nlarger_context = semantic_history.get_relevant(prompt)\nfor message in larger_context:\n    print(message)\n```\n\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 50.04it/s]\n\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'what is the size of England compared to Portugal?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'England is larger in land area than Portal by about 15000 square miles.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the population of Great Britain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'As of 2023 the population of Great Britain is approximately 67 million people.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'And what is the capital of Spain?'}\n\n\n    \n\n\n## Conversation control\n\nLLMs can hallucinate on occasion and when this happens it can be useful to prune incorrect information from conversational histories so this incorrect information doesn't continue to be passed as context.\n\n\n```python\nsemantic_history.store(\n    prompt=\"what is the smallest country in Europe?\",\n    response=\"Monaco is the smallest country in Europe at 0.78 square miles.\" # Incorrect. Vatican City is the smallest country in Europe\n)\n\n# get the key of the incorrect message\ncontext = semantic_history.get_recent(top_k=1, raw=True)\nbad_key = context[0]['entry_id']\nsemantic_history.drop(bad_key)\n\ncorrected_context = semantic_history.get_recent()\nfor message in corrected_context:\n    print(message)\n```\n\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 54.73it/s]\n    Batches: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:00\u003c00:00, 10.63it/s]\n\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'What is the population of Great Britain?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'As of 2023 the population of Great Britain is approximately 67 million people.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'what is the size of England compared to Portugal?'}\n    {'role': 'llm', 'content': 'England is larger in land area than Portal by about 15000 square miles.'}\n    {'role': 'user', 'content': 'what is the smallest country in Europe?'}\n\n\n    \n\n\n\n```python\nchat_history.clear()\nsemantic_history.clear()\n```\n",
  "tags": [],
  "last_updated": "2026-04-08T12:21:52-07:00"
}