title: Pipelines and transactions

title: Execute a pipeline

text:
To execute commands in a pipeline, you first create a pipeline object
and then add commands to it using methods that resemble the standard
command methods (for example, `Set()` and `Get()`). The commands are
buffered in the pipeline and only execute when you call the `Exec()`
method on the pipeline object.

The main difference with the pipeline commands is that their return
values contain a valid result only after the pipeline has finished executing.
You can access the result using the `Val()` method instead of
`Result()` (note that errors are reported by the `Exec()` method rather
than by the individual commands).

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, C# (Synchronous), Go, Java (Synchronous - Jedis), Python, Rust (Synchronous)

**C# (Synchronous):**

[code example]

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Synchronous - Jedis):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

**Rust (Synchronous):**

[code example]

You can also create a pipeline using the `Pipelined()` method.
This executes pipeline commands in a callback function that you
provide and calls `Exec()` automatically after it returns:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, C# (Synchronous), Go, Java (Synchronous - Jedis), Python, Rust (Synchronous)

**C# (Synchronous):**

[code example]

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Synchronous - Jedis):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

**Rust (Synchronous):**

[code example]

title: Execute a transaction

text:
A transaction works in a similar way to a pipeline. Create a
transaction object with the `TxPipeline()` method, call command methods
on that object, and then call the transaction object's
`Exec()` method to execute it. You can access the results
from commands in the transaction after it completes using the
`Val()` method.

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, C# (Synchronous), Go, Java (Synchronous - Jedis), Python, Rust (Synchronous)

**C# (Synchronous):**

[code example]

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Synchronous - Jedis):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

**Rust (Synchronous):**

[code example]

There is also a `TxPipelined()` method that works in a similar way
to `Pipelined()`, described above:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, C# (Synchronous), Go, Java (Synchronous - Jedis), Python, Rust (Synchronous)

**C# (Synchronous):**

[code example]

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Synchronous - Jedis):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

**Rust (Synchronous):**

[code example]

title: Watch keys for changes

text:
Redis supports *optimistic locking* to avoid inconsistent updates
to different keys. The basic idea is to watch for changes to any
keys that you use in a transaction while you are are processing the
updates. If the watched keys do change, you must restart the updates
with the latest data from the keys. See
[Transactions]()
for more information about optimistic locking.

The code below reads a string
that represents a `PATH` variable for a command shell, then appends a new
command path to the string before attempting to write it back. If the watched
key is modified by another client before writing, the transaction aborts.
The `Watch()` method receives a callback function where you execute the
commands you want to watch. In the body of this callback, you can execute
read-only commands before the transaction using the usual client object
(called `rdb` in our examples) and receive an immediate result. Start the
transaction itself by calling `TxPipeline()` or `TxPipelined()` on the
`Tx` object passed to the callback. `Watch()` also receives one or more
`string` parameters after the callback that represent the keys you want
to watch.

For production usage, you would generally call code like the following in
a loop to retry it until it succeeds or else report or log the failure:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, C# (Synchronous), Go, Java (Synchronous - Jedis), Python, Rust (Synchronous)

**C# (Synchronous):**

[code example]

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Synchronous - Jedis):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

**Rust (Synchronous):**

[code example]

section_id: execute-a-pipeline

code:
pipe := rdb.Pipeline()

	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
		pipe.Set(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("seat:%v", i), fmt.Sprintf("#%v", i), 0)
	}

	cmds, err := pipe.Exec(ctx)

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	for _, c := range cmds {
		fmt.Printf("%v;", c.(*redis.StatusCmd).Val())
	}

	fmt.Println("")
	// >>> OK;OK;OK;OK;OK;

	pipe = rdb.Pipeline()

	get0Result := pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:0")
	get3Result := pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:3")
	get4Result := pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:4")

	cmds, err = pipe.Exec(ctx)

	// The results are available only after the pipeline
	// has finished executing.
	fmt.Println(get0Result.Val()) // >>> #0
	fmt.Println(get3Result.Val()) // >>> #3
	fmt.Println(get4Result.Val()) // >>> #4

code:
using NRedisStack;
using StackExchange.Redis;
public class PipeTransExample
{
    public void Run()
    {
        var muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect("localhost:6379");
        var db = muxer.GetDatabase();

        var pipeline = new Pipeline(db);

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            _ = pipeline.Db.StringSetAsync($"seat:{i}", $"#{i}");
        }
        pipeline.Execute();

        var resp1 = db.StringGet("seat:0");
        Console.WriteLine(resp1); // >>> #0

        var resp2 = db.StringGet("seat:3");
        Console.WriteLine(resp2); // >>> #3

        var resp3 = db.StringGet("seat:4");
        Console.WriteLine(resp2); // >>> #4

        var trans = new Transaction(db);

        _ = trans.Db.StringIncrementAsync("counter:1", 1);
        _ = trans.Db.StringIncrementAsync("counter:2", 2);
        _ = trans.Db.StringIncrementAsync("counter:3", 3);

        trans.Execute();

        var resp4 = db.StringGet("counter:1");
        Console.WriteLine(resp4); // >>> 1

        var resp5 = db.StringGet("counter:2");
        Console.WriteLine(resp5); // >>> 2

        var resp6 = db.StringGet("counter:3");
        Console.WriteLine(resp6);  // >>> 3

        var watchedTrans = new Transaction(db);

        watchedTrans.AddCondition(Condition.KeyNotExists("customer:39182"));

        _ = watchedTrans.Db.HashSetAsync(
            "customer:39182",
            [
                new("name", "David"),
                new("age", "27")
            ]
        );

        bool succeeded = watchedTrans.Execute();
        Console.WriteLine(succeeded); // >>> true

        bool resp7 = db.HashSet("Details", "SerialNumber", "12345");
        Console.WriteLine(resp7); // >>> true

        db.HashSet("Details", "SerialNumber", "12345A", When.NotExists);
        string resp8 = db.HashGet("Details", "SerialNumber")!;
        Console.WriteLine(resp8); // >>> 12345

        db.HashSet("Details", "SerialNumber", "12345A");
        string resp9 = db.HashGet("Details", "SerialNumber")!;
        Console.WriteLine(resp9); // >>> 12345A
    }
}

code:
var pd0Result *redis.StatusCmd
	var pd3Result *redis.StatusCmd
	var pd4Result *redis.StatusCmd

	cmds, err = rdb.Pipelined(ctx, func(pipe redis.Pipeliner) error {
		pd0Result = (*redis.StatusCmd)(pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:0"))
		pd3Result = (*redis.StatusCmd)(pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:3"))
		pd4Result = (*redis.StatusCmd)(pipe.Get(ctx, "seat:4"))
		return nil
	})

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// The results are available only after the pipeline
	// has finished executing.
	fmt.Println(pd0Result.Val()) // >>> #0
	fmt.Println(pd3Result.Val()) // >>> #3
	fmt.Println(pd4Result.Val()) // >>> #4

code:
import java.util.List;

import redis.clients.jedis.RedisClient;
import redis.clients.jedis.AbstractPipeline;
import redis.clients.jedis.AbstractTransaction;
import redis.clients.jedis.Response;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class PipeTransExample {

    public void run() {
        RedisClient jedis = RedisClient.create("redis://localhost:6379");

        // Make sure you close the pipeline after use to release resources
        // and return the connection to the pool.
        try (AbstractPipeline pipe = jedis.pipelined()) {

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                pipe.set(String.format("seat:%d", i), String.format("#%d", i));
            }

            pipe.sync();
        }

        try (AbstractPipeline pipe = jedis.pipelined()) {

            Response<String> resp0 = pipe.get("seat:0");
            Response<String> resp3 = pipe.get("seat:3");
            Response<String> resp4 = pipe.get("seat:4");

            pipe.sync();

            // Responses are available after the pipeline has executed.
            System.out.println(resp0.get()); // >>> #0
            System.out.println(resp3.get()); // >>> #3
            System.out.println(resp4.get()); // >>> #4

        }

        try ( AbstractTransaction trans = jedis.multi()) {

           trans.incrBy("counter:1", 1);
           trans.incrBy("counter:2", 2);
           trans.incrBy("counter:3", 3);

           trans.exec();
        }
        System.out.println(jedis.get("counter:1")); // >>> 1
        System.out.println(jedis.get("counter:2")); // >>> 2
        System.out.println(jedis.get("counter:3")); // >>> 3

        // Set initial value of `shellpath`.
        jedis.set("shellpath", "/usr/syscmds/");

        // Start the transaction and watch the key we are about to update.
        try (AbstractTransaction trans = jedis.transaction(false)) { // create a Transaction object without sending MULTI command
            trans.watch("shellpath"); // send WATCH command(s)
            trans.multi(); // send MULTI command

            String currentPath = jedis.get("shellpath");
            String newPath = currentPath + ":/usr/mycmds/";

            // Commands added to the `trans` object
            // will be buffered until `trans.exec()` is called.
            Response<String> setResult = trans.set("shellpath", newPath);
            List<Object> transResults = trans.exec();

            // The `exec()` call returns null if the transaction failed.
            if (transResults != null) {
                // Responses are available if the transaction succeeded.
                System.out.println(setResult.get()); // >>> OK

                // You can also get the results from the list returned by
                // `trans.exec()`.
                for (Object item: transResults) {
                    System.out.println(item);
                }
                // >>> OK

                System.out.println(jedis.get("shellpath"));
                // >>> /usr/syscmds/:/usr/mycmds/
            }
        }

        jedis.close();
    }
}

code:
"""
Code samples for vector database quickstart pages:
    https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/get-started/vector-database/
"""
import redis

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)

pipe = r.pipeline()

for i in range(5):
    pipe.set(f"seat:{i}", f"#{i}")

set_5_result = pipe.execute()
print(set_5_result)  # >>> [True, True, True, True, True]

pipe = r.pipeline()

# "Chain" pipeline commands together.
get_3_result = pipe.get("seat:0").get("seat:3").get("seat:4").execute()
print(get_3_result)  # >>> ['#0', '#3', '#4']

r.set("shellpath", "/usr/syscmds/")

with r.pipeline() as pipe:
    # Repeat until successful.
    while True:
        try:
            # Watch the key we are about to change.
            pipe.watch("shellpath")

            # The pipeline executes commands directly (instead of
            # buffering them) from immediately after the `watch()`
            # call until we begin the transaction.
            current_path = pipe.get("shellpath")
            new_path = current_path + ":/usr/mycmds/"

            # Start the transaction, which will enable buffering
            # again for the remaining commands.
            pipe.multi()

            pipe.set("shellpath", new_path)

            pipe.execute()

            # The transaction succeeded, so break out of the loop.
            break
        except redis.WatchError:
            # The transaction failed, so continue with the next attempt.
            continue

get_path_result = r.get("shellpath")
print(get_path_result)  # >>> '/usr/syscmds/:/usr/mycmds/'

r.set("shellpath", "/usr/syscmds/")

def watched_sequence(pipe):
    current_path = pipe.get("shellpath")
    new_path = current_path + ":/usr/mycmds/"

    pipe.multi()

    pipe.set("shellpath", new_path)

trans_result = r.transaction(watched_sequence, "shellpath")
print(trans_result)  # True

get_path_result = r.get("shellpath")
print(get_path_result)  # >>> '/usr/syscmds/:/usr/mycmds/'

code:
mod pipe_trans_tests {
    use redis::Commands;

    fn run() {
        let mut r = match redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1") {
            Ok(client) => {
                match client.get_connection() {
                    Ok(conn) => conn,
                    Err(e) => {
                        println!("Failed to connect to Redis: {e}");
                        return;
                    }
                }
            },
            Err(e) => {
                println!("Failed to create Redis client: {e}");
                return;
            }
        };

        for i in 0..8 {
            let key = format!("seat:{}", i);
            let _: () = r.del(&key).expect("Failed to delete key");
        }

        for i in 1..4 {
            let key = format!("counter:{}", i);
            let _: () = r.del(&key).expect("Failed to delete key");
        }

        // Check the success of the pipeline without checking the results
        // individually.
        match redis::pipe()
            .set("seat:0", "#0")
            .set("seat:1", "#1")
            .set("seat:2", "#2")
            .set("seat:3", "#3")
            .set("seat:4", "#4")
            .exec(&mut r)
        {
            Ok(_) => {
                println!("Pipe executed successfully");
            },
            Err(e) => {
                println!("Error executing pipe: {e}");
                return;
            }
        };

        // Check the success of the pipeline and the results individually.
        let (seat_0, seat_1, seat_2, seat_3, seat_4) :
        (String, String, String, String, String) = match redis::pipe()
            .get("seat:0")
            .get("seat:1")
            .get("seat:2")
            .get("seat:3")
            .get("seat:4")
            .query(&mut r) {
                Ok(res) => res,
                Err(e) => {
                    println!("Error executing pipe: {e}");
                    return;
                }
            };

        println!("{seat_0}, {seat_1}, {seat_2}, {seat_3}, {seat_4}");
        // >>> #0, #1, #2, #3, #4

        // Use `ignore()` to ignore the result of specific commands.
        let (seat_5, seat_6, seat_7) :
            (String, String, String) = match redis::pipe()
            .set("seat:5", "#5").ignore()
            .set("seat:6", "#6").ignore()
            .set("seat:7", "#7").ignore()
            .get("seat:5")
            .get("seat:6")
            .get("seat:7")
            .query(&mut r) {
                Ok(res) => res,
                Err(e) => {
                    println!("Error executing pipe: {e}");
                    return;
                }
            };

        println!("{seat_5}, {seat_6}, {seat_7}");
        // >>> #5, #6, #7

        match redis::pipe()
            .atomic()
            .incr("counter:1", 1)
            .incr("counter:2", 2)
            .incr("counter:3", 3)
            .exec(&mut r)
        {
            Ok(_) => {
                println!("Transaction executed successfully");
            },
            Err(e) => {
                println!("Error executing transaction: {e}");
                return;
            }
        };

        let key = "shellpath";
        let _: () = r.set(key, "/usr/syscmds/").unwrap();

        let Ok(_,): Result<((),), _> = redis::transaction(&mut r, &[key], |r, pipe| {
            let mut path: String = r.get(key).unwrap();
            path.push_str(":/usr/mycmds/");
            pipe.set(key, path).query(r)
        }) else {
            println!("Error executing transaction");
            return;
        };

        match r.get("shellpath") {
            Ok(res) => {
                let res: String = res;
                println!("{res}");
                // >>> /usr/syscmds/:/usr/mycmds/
            },
            Err(e) => {
                println!("Error getting shellpath: {e}");
                return;
            }
        };
    }
}

section_id: execute-a-transaction

code:
trans := rdb.TxPipeline()

	trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:1", 1)
	trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:2", 2)
	trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:3", 3)

	cmds, err = trans.Exec(ctx)

	for _, c := range cmds {
		fmt.Println(c.(*redis.IntCmd).Val())
	}
	// >>> 1
	// >>> 2
	// >>> 3

code:
var tx1Result *redis.IntCmd
	var tx2Result *redis.IntCmd
	var tx3Result *redis.IntCmd

	cmds, err = rdb.TxPipelined(ctx, func(trans redis.Pipeliner) error {
		tx1Result = trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:1", 1)
		tx2Result = trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:2", 2)
		tx3Result = trans.IncrBy(ctx, "counter:3", 3)
		return nil
	})

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(tx1Result.Val()) // >>> 2
	fmt.Println(tx2Result.Val()) // >>> 4
	fmt.Println(tx3Result.Val()) // >>> 6

section_id: watch-keys-for-changes

code:
// Set initial value of `shellpath`.
	rdb.Set(ctx, "shellpath", "/usr/syscmds/", 0)

	const maxRetries = 1000

	// Retry if the key has been changed.
	for i := 0; i < maxRetries; i++ {
		err := rdb.Watch(ctx,
			func(tx *redis.Tx) error {
				currentPath, err := rdb.Get(ctx, "shellpath").Result()
				newPath := currentPath + ":/usr/mycmds/"

				_, err = tx.TxPipelined(ctx, func(pipe redis.Pipeliner) error {
					pipe.Set(ctx, "shellpath", newPath, 0)
					return nil
				})

				return err
			},
			"shellpath",
		)

		if err == nil {
			// Success.
			break
		} else if err == redis.TxFailedErr {
			// Optimistic lock lost. Retry the transaction.
			continue
		} else {
			// Panic for any other error.
			panic(err)
		}
	}

	fmt.Println(rdb.Get(ctx, "shellpath").Val())
	// >>> /usr/syscmds/:/usr/mycmds/


title: Index and query vectors

summary: Learn how to index and query vector embeddings with Redis

page_type: content

title: Initialize

role: content

text:
First, install [`go-redis`]()
if you haven't already done so. Then, install
[`Hugot`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/knights-analytics/hugot)
using the following command:

[code example]

Add the following imports to your module's main program file:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

title: Add a helper function

text:
The `Hugot` model outputs the embeddings as a
`[]float32` array. If you are storing your documents as
[hash]() objects, then you
must convert this array to a `byte` string before adding it as a hash field.
The function shown below uses Go's [`binary`](https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/binary)
package to produce the `byte` string:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

Note that if you are using [JSON]()
objects to store your documents instead of hashes, then you should store
the `[]float32` array directly without first converting it to a `byte`
string (see [Differences with JSON documents](#differences-with-json-documents)
below).

title: Create the index

text:
In the `main()` function, connect to Redis and delete any index previously
created with the name `vector_idx`:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

Next, create the index.
The schema in the example below specifies hash objects for storage and includes
three fields: the text content to index, a
[tag]()
field to represent the "genre" of the text, and the embedding vector generated from
the original text content. The `embedding` field specifies
[HNSW]()
indexing, the
[L2]()
vector distance metric, `Float32` values to represent the vector's components,
and 384 dimensions, as required by the `all-MiniLM-L6-v2` embedding model.

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

title: Create an embedder instance

text:
You need an instance of the `FeatureExtractionPipeline` class to
generate the embeddings. Use the code below to create an
instance that uses the `sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2`
model:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

title: Add data

text:
You can now supply the data objects, which will be indexed automatically
when you add them with [`HSet()`](), as long as
you use the `doc:` prefix specified in the index definition.

Use the `RunPipeline()` method of `FeatureExtractionPipeline`
as shown below to create the embeddings that represent the `content` fields.
This method takes an array of strings and outputs a corresponding
array of `FeatureExtractionOutput` objects.
The `Embeddings` field of `FeatureExtractionOutput` contains the array of float
values that you need for the index. Use the `floatsToBytes()` function defined
above to convert this array to a `byte` string.

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

title: Run a query

text:
After you have created the index and added the data, you are ready to run a query.
To do this, you must create another embedding vector from your chosen query
text. Redis calculates the similarity between the query vector and each
embedding vector in the index as it runs the query. It then ranks the
results in order of this numeric similarity value.

The code below creates the query embedding using `RunPipeline()`, as with
the indexing, and passes it as a parameter when the query executes
(see
[Vector search]()
for more information about using query parameters with embeddings).

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

The code is now ready to run, but note that it may take a while to complete when
you run it for the first time (which happens because `Hugot`
must download the `all-MiniLM-L6-v2` model data before it can
generate the embeddings). When you run the code, it outputs the following text:

[code example]

The results are ordered according to the value of the `vector_distance`
field, with the lowest distance indicating the greatest similarity to the query.
As you would expect, the result for `doc:0` with the content text *"That is a very happy person"*
is the result that is most similar in meaning to the query text
*"That is a happy person"*.

title: Differences with JSON documents

text:
Indexing JSON documents is similar to hash indexing, but there are some
important differences. JSON allows much richer data modelling with nested fields, so
you must supply a [path]() in the schema
to identify each field you want to index. However, you can declare a short alias for each
of these paths (using the `As` option) to avoid typing it in full for
every query. Also, you must set `OnJSON` to `true` when you create the index.

The code below shows these differences, but the index is otherwise very similar to
the one created previously for hashes:

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

Use [`JSONSet()`]() to add the data
instead of [`HSet()`](). The maps
that specify the fields have the same structure as the ones used for `HSet()`.

An important difference with JSON indexing is that the vectors are
specified using lists instead of binary strings. The loop below is similar
to the one used previously to add the hash data, but it doesn't use the
`floatsToBytes()` function to encode the `float32` array.

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

The query is almost identical to the one for the hash documents. This
demonstrates how the right choice of aliases for the JSON paths can
save you having to write complex queries. An important thing to notice
is that the vector parameter for the query is still specified as a
binary string (using the `floatsToBytes()` method), even though the data for
the `embedding` field of the JSON was specified as an array.

#### Code Examples

**Redis CLI:**

[code example]

**Available in:** Redis CLI, Go, Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce), Java (Reactive - Lettuce), JavaScript (Node.js), Python

**Go:**

[code example]

**Java (Asynchronous - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**Java (Reactive - Lettuce):**

[code example]

**JavaScript (Node.js):**

[code example]

**Python:**

[code example]

Apart from the `jdoc:` prefixes for the keys, the result from the JSON
query is the same as for hash:

[code example]

title: Learn more

role: related

text:
See
[Vector search]()
for more information about the indexing options, distance metrics, and query format
for vectors.

section_id: initialize

code:
package main

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/binary"
	"fmt"
	"math"

	"github.com/knights-analytics/hugot"
	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)

code:
func floatsToBytes(fs []float32) []byte {
	buf := make([]byte, len(fs)*4)

	for i, f := range fs {
		u := math.Float32bits(f)
		binary.NativeEndian.PutUint32(buf[i*4:], u)
	}

	return buf
}

section_id: add-a-helper-function

code:
package io.redis.examples.async;

// Lettuce client and Redis Search classes.
import io.lettuce.core.*;
import io.lettuce.core.api.StatefulRedisConnection;
import io.lettuce.core.api.async.RedisAsyncCommands;
import io.lettuce.core.search.arguments.*;
import io.lettuce.core.search.SearchReply;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonParser;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonObject;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonPath;

// Standard library classes for data manipulation and
// asynchronous programming.
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

// DJL classes for model loading and inference.
import ai.djl.huggingface.translator.TextEmbeddingTranslatorFactory;
import ai.djl.inference.Predictor;
import ai.djl.repository.zoo.Criteria;
import ai.djl.training.util.ProgressBar;

public class HomeQueryVecExample {

    private ByteBuffer floatArrayToByteBuffer(float[] vector) {
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(vector.length * 4).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
        for (float value : vector) {
            buffer.putFloat(value);
        }
        return (ByteBuffer) buffer.flip();
    }

    public void run() {
        Predictor<String, float[]> predictor = null;

        try {
            Criteria<String, float[]> criteria = Criteria.builder().setTypes(String.class, float[].class)
                    .optModelUrls("djl://ai.djl.huggingface.pytorch/sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2")
                    .optEngine("PyTorch").optTranslatorFactory(new TextEmbeddingTranslatorFactory())
                    .optProgress(new ProgressBar()).build();

            predictor = criteria.loadModel().newPredictor();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // ...
        }

        RedisClient redisClient = RedisClient.create("redis://localhost:6379");

        try (StatefulRedisConnection<String, String> connection = redisClient.connect();
                StatefulRedisConnection<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> binConnection = redisClient.connect(new ByteBufferCodec())) {
            RedisAsyncCommands<String, String> asyncCommands = connection.async();
            RedisAsyncCommands<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> binAsyncCommands = binConnection.async();
            // ...

            List<FieldArgs<String>> schema = Arrays.asList(TextFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("content").build(),
                    TagFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("genre").build(),
                    VectorFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("embedding").hnsw().type(VectorFieldArgs.VectorType.FLOAT32)
                            .dimensions(384).distanceMetric(VectorFieldArgs.DistanceMetric.L2).build());

            CreateArgs<String, String> createArgs = CreateArgs.<String, String> builder().on(CreateArgs.TargetType.HASH)
                    .withPrefix("doc:").build();

            CompletableFuture<Void> createIndex = asyncCommands.ftCreate("vector_idx", createArgs, schema)
                    .thenAccept(System.out::println).toCompletableFuture();
            createIndex.join();

            String sentence1 = "That is a very happy person";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc1 = new HashMap<>();
            doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence1.getBytes()));
            doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("persons".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence1)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<Long> addDoc1 = binAsyncCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:1".getBytes()), doc1)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();

            String sentence2 = "That is a happy dog";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc2 = new HashMap<>();
            doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence2.getBytes()));
            doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("pets".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence2)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<Long> addDoc2 = binAsyncCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:2".getBytes()), doc2)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();

            String sentence3 = "Today is a sunny day";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc3 = new HashMap<>();
            doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence3.getBytes()));
            doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("weather".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence3)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<Long> addDoc3 = binAsyncCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:3".getBytes()), doc3)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();
            CompletableFuture.allOf(addDoc1, addDoc2, addDoc3).join();

            String query = "That is a happy person";
            float[] queryEmbedding = null;

            try {
                queryEmbedding = predictor.predict(query);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            SearchArgs<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> searchArgs = SearchArgs.<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> builder()
                    .param(ByteBuffer.wrap("vec".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(queryEmbedding))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))
                    .sortBy(SortByArgs.<ByteBuffer> builder().attribute(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes())).build())
                    .build();

            CompletableFuture<SearchReply<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> hashQuery = binAsyncCommands
                    .ftSearch(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_idx".getBytes()),
                            ByteBuffer.wrap("*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]".getBytes()), searchArgs)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        List<SearchReply.SearchResult<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> results = result.getResults();

                        results.forEach(r -> {
                            String id = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.decode(r.getId()).toString();
                            String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))).toString();
                            String distance = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))).toString();

                            System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Content: " + content + ", Distance: " + distance);
                        });
                        // >>> ID: doc:1, Content: That is a very happy person, Distance: 0.114169836044
                        // >>> ID: doc:2, Content: That is a happy dog, Distance: 0.610845506191
                        // >>> ID: doc:3, Content: Today is a sunny day, Distance: 1.48624765873

                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();
            hashQuery.join();

            List<FieldArgs<String>> jsonSchema = Arrays.asList(
                    TextFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.content").as("content").build(),
                    TagFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.genre").as("genre").build(),
                    VectorFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.embedding").as("embedding").hnsw()
                            .type(VectorFieldArgs.VectorType.FLOAT32).dimensions(384)
                            .distanceMetric(VectorFieldArgs.DistanceMetric.L2).build());

            CreateArgs<String, String> jsonCreateArgs = CreateArgs.<String, String> builder().on(CreateArgs.TargetType.JSON)
                    .withPrefix("jdoc:").build();

            CompletableFuture<Void> jsonCreateIndex = asyncCommands.ftCreate("vector_json_idx", jsonCreateArgs, jsonSchema)
                    .thenAccept(System.out::println).toCompletableFuture();
            jsonCreateIndex.join();

            JsonParser parser = asyncCommands.getJsonParser();

            String jSentence1 = "\"That is a very happy person\"";

            JsonObject jDoc1 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc1.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence1));
            jDoc1.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"persons\""));

            try {
                jDoc1.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence1))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<String> jsonAddDoc1 = asyncCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:1", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc1)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();

            String jSentence2 = "\"That is a happy dog\"";

            JsonObject jDoc2 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc2.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence2));
            jDoc2.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"pets\""));

            try {
                jDoc2.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence2))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<String> jsonAddDoc2 = asyncCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:2", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc2)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();

            String jSentence3 = "\"Today is a sunny day\"";

            JsonObject jDoc3 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc3.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence3));
            jDoc3.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"weather\""));

            try {
                jDoc3.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence3))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            CompletableFuture<String> jsonAddDoc3 = asyncCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:3", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc3)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();
            CompletableFuture.allOf(jsonAddDoc1, jsonAddDoc2, jsonAddDoc3).join();

            String jQuery = "That is a happy person";
            float[] jsonQueryEmbedding = null;

            try {
                jsonQueryEmbedding = predictor.predict(jQuery);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            SearchArgs<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> jsonSearchArgs = SearchArgs.<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> builder()
                    .param(ByteBuffer.wrap("vec".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(jsonQueryEmbedding))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))
                    .sortBy(SortByArgs.<ByteBuffer> builder().attribute(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes())).build())
                    .build();

            CompletableFuture<SearchReply<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> jsonQuery = binAsyncCommands
                    .ftSearch(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_json_idx".getBytes()),
                            ByteBuffer.wrap("*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]".getBytes()), jsonSearchArgs)
                    .thenApply(result -> {
                        List<SearchReply.SearchResult<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> results = result.getResults();

                        results.forEach(r -> {
                            String id = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.decode(r.getId()).toString();
                            String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))).toString();
                            String distance = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))).toString();

                            System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Content: " + content + ", Distance: " + distance);
                        });
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:1, Content: "That is a very happy person", Distance:0.628328084946
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:2, Content: That is a happy dog, Distance: 0.895147025585
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:3, Content: "Today is a sunny day", Distance: 1.49569523335

                        return result;
                    }).toCompletableFuture();
            jsonQuery.join();
        } finally {
            redisClient.shutdown();
        }
    }

}

code:
package io.redis.examples.reactive;

// Lettuce client and Redis Search classes.
import io.lettuce.core.*;
import io.lettuce.core.api.StatefulRedisConnection;
import io.lettuce.core.api.reactive.RedisReactiveCommands;
import io.lettuce.core.search.arguments.*;
import io.lettuce.core.search.SearchReply;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonParser;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonObject;
import io.lettuce.core.json.JsonPath;

// Standard library classes for data manipulation and
// reactive programming.
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

// DJL classes for model loading and inference.
import ai.djl.huggingface.translator.TextEmbeddingTranslatorFactory;
import ai.djl.inference.Predictor;
import ai.djl.repository.zoo.Criteria;
import ai.djl.training.util.ProgressBar;

public class HomeQueryVecExample {

    private ByteBuffer floatArrayToByteBuffer(float[] vector) {
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(vector.length * 4).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
        for (float value : vector) {
            buffer.putFloat(value);
        }
        return (ByteBuffer) buffer.flip();
    }

    public void run() {
        Predictor<String, float[]> predictor = null;

        try {
            Criteria<String, float[]> criteria = Criteria.builder().setTypes(String.class, float[].class)
                    .optModelUrls("djl://ai.djl.huggingface.pytorch/sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2")
                    .optEngine("PyTorch").optTranslatorFactory(new TextEmbeddingTranslatorFactory())
                    .optProgress(new ProgressBar()).build();

            predictor = criteria.loadModel().newPredictor();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // ...
        }

        RedisClient redisClient = RedisClient.create("redis://localhost:6379");

        try (StatefulRedisConnection<String, String> connection = redisClient.connect();
                StatefulRedisConnection<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> binConnection = redisClient.connect(new ByteBufferCodec())) {
            RedisReactiveCommands<String, String> reactiveCommands = connection.reactive();
            RedisReactiveCommands<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> binReactiveCommands = binConnection.reactive();
            // ...

            List<FieldArgs<String>> schema = Arrays.asList(TextFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("content").build(),
                    TagFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("genre").build(),
                    VectorFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("embedding").hnsw().type(VectorFieldArgs.VectorType.FLOAT32)
                            .dimensions(384).distanceMetric(VectorFieldArgs.DistanceMetric.L2).build());

            CreateArgs<String, String> createArgs = CreateArgs.<String, String> builder().on(CreateArgs.TargetType.HASH)
                    .withPrefix("doc:").build();

            Mono<Void> createIndex = reactiveCommands.ftCreate("vector_idx", createArgs, schema).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
            }).then();
            createIndex.block();

            String sentence1 = "That is a very happy person";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc1 = new HashMap<>();
            doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence1.getBytes()));
            doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("persons".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc1.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence1)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Long> addDoc1 = binReactiveCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:1".getBytes()), doc1).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
            });

            String sentence2 = "That is a happy dog";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc2 = new HashMap<>();
            doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence2.getBytes()));
            doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("pets".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc2.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence2)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Long> addDoc2 = binReactiveCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:2".getBytes()), doc2).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
            });

            String sentence3 = "Today is a sunny day";

            Map<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> doc3 = new HashMap<>();
            doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap(sentence3.getBytes()));
            doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("genre".getBytes()), ByteBuffer.wrap("weather".getBytes()));

            try {
                doc3.put(ByteBuffer.wrap("embedding".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(predictor.predict(sentence3)));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Long> addDoc3 = binReactiveCommands.hset(ByteBuffer.wrap("doc:3".getBytes()), doc3).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> 3
            });
            Mono.when(addDoc1, addDoc2, addDoc3).block();

            String query = "That is a happy person";
            float[] queryEmbedding = null;

            try {
                queryEmbedding = predictor.predict(query);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            SearchArgs<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> searchArgs = SearchArgs.<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> builder()
                    .param(ByteBuffer.wrap("vec".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(queryEmbedding))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))
                    .sortBy(SortByArgs.<ByteBuffer> builder().attribute(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes())).build())
                    .build();

            Mono<SearchReply<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> hashQuery = binReactiveCommands
                    .ftSearch(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_idx".getBytes()),
                            ByteBuffer.wrap("*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]".getBytes()), searchArgs)
                    .doOnNext(result -> {
                        List<SearchReply.SearchResult<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> results = result.getResults();

                        results.forEach(r -> {
                            String id = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.decode(r.getId()).toString();
                            String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))).toString();
                            String distance = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))).toString();

                            System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Content: " + content + ", Distance: " + distance);
                        });
                        // >>> ID: doc:1, Content: That is a very happy person, Distance: 0.114169836044
                        // >>> ID: doc:2, Content: That is a happy dog, Distance: 0.610845506191
                        // >>> ID: doc:3, Content: Today is a sunny day, Distance: 1.48624765873
                    });
            hashQuery.block();

            List<FieldArgs<String>> jsonSchema = Arrays.asList(
                    TextFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.content").as("content").build(),
                    TagFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.genre").as("genre").build(),
                    VectorFieldArgs.<String> builder().name("$.embedding").as("embedding").hnsw()
                            .type(VectorFieldArgs.VectorType.FLOAT32).dimensions(384)
                            .distanceMetric(VectorFieldArgs.DistanceMetric.L2).build());

            CreateArgs<String, String> jsonCreateArgs = CreateArgs.<String, String> builder().on(CreateArgs.TargetType.JSON)
                    .withPrefix("jdoc:").build();

            Mono<Void> jsonCreateIndex = reactiveCommands.ftCreate("vector_json_idx", jsonCreateArgs, jsonSchema)
                    .doOnNext(result -> {
                        System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
                    }).then();
            jsonCreateIndex.block();

            JsonParser parser = reactiveCommands.getJsonParser();

            String jSentence1 = "\"That is a very happy person\"";
            JsonObject jDoc1 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc1.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence1));
            jDoc1.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"persons\""));

            try {
                jDoc1.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence1))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Void> jsonAddDoc1 = reactiveCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:1", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc1).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
            }).then();

            String jSentence2 = "\"That is a happy dog\"";
            JsonObject jDoc2 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc2.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence2));
            jDoc2.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"pets\""));

            try {
                jDoc2.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence2))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Void> jsonAddDoc2 = reactiveCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:2", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc2).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
            }).then();

            String jSentence3 = "\"Today is a sunny day\"";
            JsonObject jDoc3 = parser.createJsonObject();
            jDoc3.put("content", parser.createJsonValue(jSentence3));
            jDoc3.put("genre", parser.createJsonValue("\"weather\""));

            try {
                jDoc3.put("embedding", parser.createJsonValue(Arrays.toString(predictor.predict(jSentence3))));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            Mono<Void> jsonAddDoc3 = reactiveCommands.jsonSet("jdoc:3", JsonPath.ROOT_PATH, jDoc3).doOnNext(result -> {
                System.out.println(result); // >>> OK
            }).then();
            Mono.when(jsonAddDoc1, jsonAddDoc2, jsonAddDoc3).block();

            String jQuery = "That is a happy person";
            float[] jsonQueryEmbedding = null;

            try {
                jsonQueryEmbedding = predictor.predict(jQuery);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ...
            }

            SearchArgs<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> jsonSearchArgs = SearchArgs.<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer> builder()
                    .param(ByteBuffer.wrap("vec".getBytes()), floatArrayToByteBuffer(jsonQueryEmbedding))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))
                    .returnField(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))
                    .sortBy(SortByArgs.<ByteBuffer> builder().attribute(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes())).build())
                    .build();

            Mono<SearchReply<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> jsonQuery = binReactiveCommands
                    .ftSearch(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_json_idx".getBytes()),
                            ByteBuffer.wrap("*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]".getBytes()), jsonSearchArgs)
                    .doOnNext(result -> {
                        List<SearchReply.SearchResult<ByteBuffer, ByteBuffer>> results = result.getResults();

                        results.forEach(r -> {
                            String id = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.decode(r.getId()).toString();
                            String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("content".getBytes()))).toString();
                            String distance = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
                                    .decode(r.getFields().get(ByteBuffer.wrap("vector_distance".getBytes()))).toString();

                            System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Content: " + content + ", Distance: " + distance);
                        });
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:1, Content: "That is a very happy person", Distance: 0.628328084946
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:2, Content: "That is a happy dog", Distance: 0.895147025585
                        // >>> ID: jdoc:3, Content: "Today is a sunny day", Distance: 1.49569523335
                    });
            jsonQuery.block();
        } finally {
            redisClient.shutdown();
        }
    }

}

code:
import * as transformers from '@xenova/transformers';
import {
    VectorAlgorithms,
    createClient,
    SchemaFieldTypes,
} from 'redis';

let pipe = await transformers.pipeline(
    'feature-extraction', 'Xenova/all-distilroberta-v1'
);

const pipeOptions = {
    pooling: 'mean',
    normalize: true,
};

const client = createClient({url: 'redis://localhost:6379'});
await client.connect();

try {
    await client.ft.dropIndex('vector_idx');
} catch (e) {
    // Index doesn't exist, which is fine
}

await client.ft.create('vector_idx', {
    'content': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.TEXT,
    },
    'genre': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.TAG,
    },
    'embedding': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.VECTOR,
        TYPE: 'FLOAT32',
        ALGORITHM: VectorAlgorithms.HNSW,
        DISTANCE_METRIC: 'L2',
        DIM: 768,
    }
}, {
    ON: 'HASH',
    PREFIX: 'doc:'
});

const sentence1 = 'That is a very happy person';
const doc1 = {
    'content': sentence1,
    'genre': 'persons',
    'embedding': Buffer.from(
        (await pipe(sentence1, pipeOptions)).data.buffer
    ),
};

const sentence2 = 'That is a happy dog';
const doc2 = {
    'content': sentence2,
    'genre': 'pets',
    'embedding': Buffer.from(
        (await pipe(sentence2, pipeOptions)).data.buffer
    )
};

const sentence3 = 'Today is a sunny day';
const doc3 = {
    'content': sentence3,
    'genre': 'weather',
    'embedding': Buffer.from(
        (await pipe(sentence3, pipeOptions)).data.buffer
    )
};

await Promise.all([
    client.hSet('doc:1', doc1),
    client.hSet('doc:2', doc2),
    client.hSet('doc:3', doc3)
]);

const similar = await client.ft.search(
    'vector_idx',
    '*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $B AS score]',
    {
        'PARAMS': {
            B: Buffer.from(
                (await pipe('That is a happy person', pipeOptions)).data.buffer
            ),
        },
        'RETURN': ['score', 'content'],
        'DIALECT': '2'
    },
);

for (const doc of similar.documents) {
    console.log(`${doc.id}: '${doc.value.content}', Score: ${doc.value.score}`);
}

try {
    await client.ft.dropIndex('vector_json_idx');
} catch (e) {
    // Index doesn't exist, which is fine
}

await client.ft.create('vector_json_idx', {
    '$.content': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.TEXT,
        AS: 'content',
    },
    '$.genre': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.TAG,
        AS: 'genre',
    },
    '$.embedding': {
        type: SchemaFieldTypes.VECTOR,
        TYPE: 'FLOAT32',
        ALGORITHM: VectorAlgorithms.HNSW,
        DISTANCE_METRIC: 'L2',
        DIM: 768,
        AS: 'embedding',
    }
}, {
    ON: 'JSON',
    PREFIX: 'jdoc:'
});

const jSentence1 = 'That is a very happy person';
const jdoc1 = {
    'content': jSentence1,
    'genre': 'persons',
    'embedding': [...(await pipe(jSentence1, pipeOptions)).data],
};

const jSentence2 = 'That is a happy dog';
const jdoc2 = {
    'content': jSentence2,
    'genre': 'pets',
    'embedding': [...(await pipe(jSentence2, pipeOptions)).data],
};

const jSentence3 = 'Today is a sunny day';
const jdoc3 = {
    'content': jSentence3,
    'genre': 'weather',
    'embedding': [...(await pipe(jSentence3, pipeOptions)).data],
};

await Promise.all([
    client.json.set('jdoc:1', '$', jdoc1),
    client.json.set('jdoc:2', '$', jdoc2),
    client.json.set('jdoc:3', '$', jdoc3)
]);

const jsons = await client.ft.search(
    'vector_json_idx',
    '*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $B AS score]',
    {
        "PARAMS": {
            B: Buffer.from(
                (await pipe('That is a happy person', pipeOptions)).data.buffer
            ),
        },
        'RETURN': ['score', 'content'],
        'DIALECT': '2'
    },
);

await client.quit();

code:
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
from redis.commands.search.query import Query
from redis.commands.search.field import TextField, TagField, VectorField
from redis.commands.search.indexDefinition import IndexDefinition, IndexType
from redis.commands.json.path import Path

import numpy as np
import redis

model = SentenceTransformer("sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2")

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)

try:
    r.ft("vector_idx").dropindex(True)
except redis.exceptions.ResponseError:
    pass

schema = (
    TextField("content"),
    TagField("genre"),
    VectorField("embedding", "HNSW", {
        "TYPE": "FLOAT32",
        "DIM": 384,
        "DISTANCE_METRIC":"L2"
    })
)

r.ft("vector_idx").create_index(
    schema,
    definition=IndexDefinition(
        prefix=["doc:"], index_type=IndexType.HASH
    )
)

content = "That is a very happy person"

r.hset("doc:0", mapping={
    "content": content,
    "genre": "persons",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tobytes(),
})

content = "That is a happy dog"

r.hset("doc:1", mapping={
    "content": content,
    "genre": "pets",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tobytes(),
})

content = "Today is a sunny day"

r.hset("doc:2", mapping={
    "content": content,
    "genre": "weather",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tobytes(),
})

q = Query(
    "*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]"
).return_field("vector_distance").return_field("content").dialect(2)

query_text = "That is a happy person"

res = r.ft("vector_idx").search(
    q, query_params={
        "vec": model.encode(query_text).astype(np.float32).tobytes()
    }
)

print(res)

try:
    r.ft("vector_json_idx").dropindex(True)
except redis.exceptions.ResponseError:
    pass

schema = (
    TextField("$.content", as_name="content"),
    TagField("$.genre", as_name="genre"),
    VectorField(
        "$.embedding", "HNSW", {
            "TYPE": "FLOAT32",
            "DIM": 384,
            "DISTANCE_METRIC": "L2"
        },
        as_name="embedding"
    )
)

r.ft("vector_json_idx").create_index(
    schema,
    definition=IndexDefinition(
        prefix=["jdoc:"], index_type=IndexType.JSON
    )
)

content = "That is a very happy person"

r.json().set("jdoc:0", Path.root_path(), {
    "content": content,
    "genre": "persons",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tolist(),
})

content = "That is a happy dog"

r.json().set("jdoc:1", Path.root_path(), {
    "content": content,
    "genre": "pets",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tolist(),
})

content = "Today is a sunny day"

r.json().set("jdoc:2", Path.root_path(), {
    "content": content,
    "genre": "weather",
    "embedding": model.encode(content).astype(np.float32).tolist(),
})

q = Query(
    "*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]"
).return_field("vector_distance").return_field("content").dialect(2)

query_text = "That is a happy person"

res = r.ft("vector_json_idx").search(
    q, query_params={
        "vec": model.encode(query_text).astype(np.float32).tobytes()
    }
)

print(repr(res))

code:
ctx := context.Background()
	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
		Protocol: 2,
	})

	rdb.FTDropIndexWithArgs(ctx,
		"vector_idx",
		&redis.FTDropIndexOptions{
			DeleteDocs: true,
		},
	)

section_id: create-the-index

code:
_, err := rdb.FTCreate(ctx,
		"vector_idx",
		&redis.FTCreateOptions{
			OnHash: true,
			Prefix: []any{"doc:"},
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "content",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeText,
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "genre",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeTag,
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "embedding",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeVector,
			VectorArgs: &redis.FTVectorArgs{
				HNSWOptions: &redis.FTHNSWOptions{
					Dim:            384,
					DistanceMetric: "L2",
					Type:           "FLOAT32",
				},
			},
		},
	).Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

code:
// Create a Hugot session
	session, err := hugot.NewGoSession()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer func() {
		err := session.Destroy()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}()

	// Download the model
	downloadOptions := hugot.NewDownloadOptions()
	downloadOptions.OnnxFilePath = "onnx/model.onnx" // Specify which ONNX file to use
	modelPath, err := hugot.DownloadModel("sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2", "./models/", downloadOptions)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Create feature extraction pipeline configuration
	config := hugot.FeatureExtractionConfig{
		ModelPath: modelPath,
		Name:      "embeddingPipeline",
	}

	// Create the feature extraction pipeline
	embeddingPipeline, err := hugot.NewPipeline(session, config)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

section_id: create-an-embedder-instance

code:
sentences := []string{
		"That is a very happy person",
		"That is a happy dog",
		"Today is a sunny day",
	}

	tags := []string{
		"persons", "pets", "weather",
	}

	// Generate embeddings using Hugot
	embeddingResult, err := embeddingPipeline.RunPipeline(sentences)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Extract the embeddings from the result
	embeddings := embeddingResult.Embeddings

	for i, emb := range embeddings {
		buffer := floatsToBytes(emb)

		_, err = rdb.HSet(ctx,
			fmt.Sprintf("doc:%v", i),
			map[string]any{
				"content":   sentences[i],
				"genre":     tags[i],
				"embedding": buffer,
			},
		).Result()

		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

section_id: add-data

code:
// Generate query embedding using Hugot
	queryResult, err := embeddingPipeline.RunPipeline([]string{
		"That is a happy person",
	})

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	buffer := floatsToBytes(queryResult.Embeddings[0])

	results, err := rdb.FTSearchWithArgs(ctx,
		"vector_idx",
		"*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]",
		&redis.FTSearchOptions{
			Return: []redis.FTSearchReturn{
				{FieldName: "vector_distance"},
				{FieldName: "content"},
			},
			DialectVersion: 2,
			Params: map[string]any{
				"vec": buffer,
			},
		},
	).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	for _, doc := range results.Docs {
		fmt.Printf(
			"ID: %v, Distance:%v, Content:'%v'\n",
			doc.ID, doc.Fields["vector_distance"], doc.Fields["content"],
		)
	}

section_id: run-a-query

code:
ID: doc:0, Distance:2.96992516518, Content:'That is a very happy person'
ID: doc:1, Distance:17.3678302765, Content:'That is a happy dog'
ID: doc:2, Distance:43.7771987915, Content:'Today is a sunny day'

code:
rdb.FTDropIndexWithArgs(ctx,
		"vector_json_idx",
		&redis.FTDropIndexOptions{
			DeleteDocs: true,
		},
	)

	_, err = rdb.FTCreate(ctx,
		"vector_json_idx",
		&redis.FTCreateOptions{
			OnJSON: true,
			Prefix: []any{"jdoc:"},
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "$.content",
			As:        "content",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeText,
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "$.genre",
			As:        "genre",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeTag,
		},
		&redis.FieldSchema{
			FieldName: "$.embedding",
			As:        "embedding",
			FieldType: redis.SearchFieldTypeVector,
			VectorArgs: &redis.FTVectorArgs{
				HNSWOptions: &redis.FTHNSWOptions{
					Dim:            384,
					DistanceMetric: "L2",
					Type:           "FLOAT32",
				},
			},
		},
	).Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

section_id: differences-with-json-documents

code:
for i, emb := range embeddings {
		_, err = rdb.JSONSet(ctx,
			fmt.Sprintf("jdoc:%v", i),
			"$",
			map[string]any{
				"content":   sentences[i],
				"genre":     tags[i],
				"embedding": emb,
			},
		).Result()

		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

code:
// Generate query embedding for JSON search using Hugot
	jsonQueryResult, err := embeddingPipeline.RunPipeline([]string{
		"That is a happy person",
	})

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	jsonBuffer := floatsToBytes(jsonQueryResult.Embeddings[0])

	jsonResults, err := rdb.FTSearchWithArgs(ctx,
		"vector_json_idx",
		"*=>[KNN 3 @embedding $vec AS vector_distance]",
		&redis.FTSearchOptions{
			Return: []redis.FTSearchReturn{
				{FieldName: "vector_distance"},
				{FieldName: "content"},
			},
			DialectVersion: 2,
			Params: map[string]any{
				"vec": jsonBuffer,
			},
		},
	).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	for _, doc := range jsonResults.Docs {
		fmt.Printf(
			"ID: %v, Distance:%v, Content:'%v'\n",
			doc.ID, doc.Fields["vector_distance"], doc.Fields["content"],
		)
	}

code:
ID: jdoc:0, Distance:2.96992516518, Content:'That is a very happy person'
ID: jdoc:1, Distance:17.3678302765, Content:'That is a happy dog'
ID: jdoc:2, Distance:43.7771987915, Content:'Today is a sunny day'